Surface Hardness Measured via ASTM Standard F355

2005 Data

Surface hardness (Gmax), Head Injury Criterion (HIC), Severity Index (SI), and pad temperature of ten synthetic turf products.
Treatment 21-28 July 11-22 August
Gmax¹ HIC² SI³ Pad temp
(°F)4		 Gmax¹ HIC² SI³ Pad temp
(°F)

¹ Surface hardness was measured according to ASTM standard F355.
² HIC = Head Injury Criterion
³ SI = Severity Index
4 Pad temperature was measured 0.5 inch below the pile backing.
5 F355 testing performed after wear simulating 96 games. Grooming of plots occurred on 5 and 9 Aug 2005.
No Wear
Astroplay 78.1 185.6 214.6 79.4 80.9 200.0 231.2 74.0
Astroturf 133.0 324.5 379.9 85.8 131.4 323.7 388.6 83.1
Experimental 87.5 239.2 292.3 81.4 90.3 219.8 255.5 81.6
Fieldturf 108.2 274.5 334.2 87.5 107.0 259.4 301.9 77.7
Geoturf 108.0 268.2 312.9 88.8 111.5 285.9 334.2 87.5
Nexturf 67.9 154.0 180.1 77.4 73.3 175.7 207.7 80.9
Omnigrass 41 93.9 234.3 272.6 81.9 96.4 257.3 297.6 83.5
Omnigrass 51 84.0 212.4 247.2 81.1 83.3 217.7 251.0 83.2
Sofsport 90.2 220.9 256.9 83.7 96.6 243.9 283.6 78.1
Sprintturf 108.5 248.5 293.5 82.4 115.2 282.2 330.9 76.7
Wear5
Astroplay 88.1 219.0 260.4 81.8 85.3 218.6 250.8 73.4
Astroturf 138.3 394.2 250.3 88.1 125.7 290.6 349.4 82.5
Experimental 113.6 313.9 393.8 80.3 98.1 246.3 286.2 81.5
Fieldturf 112.0 280.5 326.6 89.8 112.4 276.1 321.6 77.4
Geoturf 113.3 289.6 338.1 87.3 112.6 290.5 338.4 88.9
Nexturf 71.2 165.1 193.9 77.4 78.5 195.3 231.2 81.7
Omnigrass 41 109.6 298.2 347.3 82.1 106.1 294.4 340.6 84.6
Omnigrass 51 91.6 250.1 293.0 81.2 96.3 273.0 315.0 83.2
Sofsport 97.4 249.9 290.4 83.5 97.4 252.3 292.8 77.5
Sprintturf 129.1 308.6 366.6 83.4 127.5 323.4 380.6 77.6
LSD (p=0.05) 14.3 88.8 130.5 7.6 11.3 52.4 61.0 9.3

2006 Data

Surface hardness (Gmax) of six synthetic turf products determined by ASTM standard F355 prior to and after grooming.
Treatment Gmax¹
11 Jul 18 Aug² 9 Sep 26 Sep²
¹Surface hardness was measured according to ASTM standard F355.
²Data collected in plot areas with extreme wear (in tractor tire tracks).
³F355 testing performed after wear simulating 108 games. Grooming of plots occurred on 23-24 Aug 2006.
No Wear
Astroturf 127.6 -- 126.7 --
Fieldturf 100.5 -- 113.7 --
Omnigrass 41 90.9 -- 93.7 --
Omnigrass 51 79.8 -- 108.1 --
Sofsport 92.9 -- 99.6 --
Sprintturf 114.6 -- 132.7
Wear³
Astroturf 130.3 145.0 125.7 147.1
Fieldturf 110.4 123.0 112.4 127.9
Omnigrass 41 103.8 115.8 106.1 120.8
Omnigrass 51 91.2 101.7 96.3 107.5
Sofsport 98.4 107.8 97.4 108.7
Sprintturf 128.7 135.8 127.5 139.8
LSD 3.5 16.3 11.3 13.3

2007 Data

Surface hardness (Gmax), severity index (SI), and head injury criteria (HIC) of six synthetic turf products determined by ASTM standard F355 prior to and after grooming.
Treatment Gmax¹ SI HIC
12-13 Jun 21 Jun 12-13 Jun 21 Jun 12-13 Jun 21 Jun
  • ¹ Surface hardness was measured according to ASTM standard F355.
  • ² F355 testing performed after wear simulating 96 games. Grooming of plots occurred on 18 Jun 2007.
  • ³ KBG = Kentucky Bluegrass area in which half subjected to wear at the same rate as infilled plots and half received no wear.
No Wear
Astroturf 129.4 126.3 363.6 332.5 302.2 332.5
Fieldturf 102.8 107.4 267.8 284.5 229.3 243.9
Omnigrass 41 92.6 90.8 262.2 256.2 225.7 221.5
Omnigrass 51 82.5 81.5 241.2 232.0 209.3 201.4
Sofsport 86.8 86.9 228.4 230.8 196.7 198.2
Sprintturf 109.1 111.8 290.7 302.2 247.9 258.1
Wear²
Astroturf 129.7 129.1 331.6 337.3 273.1 280.3
Fieldturf 110.1 112.5 291.3 295.6 249.1 253.2
Omnigrass 41 104.9 105.2 312.4 315.3 268.3 272.4
Omnigrass 51 91.9 92.1 281.5 276.6 244.0 240.3
Sofsport 91.0 97.4 241.5 271.7 207.1 233.1
Sprintturf 126.1 125.7 352.9 350.8 298.6 298.0
LSD (p=0.05) 10.5 7.9 47.9 34.8 41.3 29.9
KBG³ NW 106.8
KBG W 113.2

2008 Data

Surface hardness (Gmax), severity index (SI), and head injury criteria (HIC) of six synthetic turf products determined by ASTM standard F355 prior to and after grooming.
Treatment Gmax¹ SI HIC
25 & 29 Sep
2008		 1 & 2 Jun
2009		 25 & 29 Sep
2008		 1 & 2 Jun
2009		 25 & 29 Sep
2008		 1 & 2 Jun
2009
  • ¹ Surface hardness was measured according to ASTM standard F355.
  • ² F355 testing performed after wear simulating 96 games. Grooming of plots occurred on 21 May 2009.
No Wear
Astroturf 118.6 120.4 328.3 327.2 278.6 276.1
Fieldturf 100.6 104.4 259.5 265.4 223.3 228.0
Omnigrass 41 96.7 92.9 286.5 265.9 248.3 230.4
Omnigrass 51 87.7 84.2 260.9 241.0 226.4 209.3
Sofsport 92.7 89.3 262.2 242.1 226.5 208.8
Sprintturf 109.1 111.7 293.9 289.9 251.0 246.8
Wear²
Astroturf 130.7 114.4 355.0 286.9 300.5 241.5
Fieldturf 114.5 109.8 309.4 281.8 265.7 241.6
Omnigrass 41 114.6 104.0 366.6 308.8 316.2 267.0
Omnigrass 51 99.4 93.6 317.4 283.2 275.2 246.3
Sofsport 100.2 95.8 287.5 270.3 247.6 233.1
Sprintturf 128.9 118.2 366.3 312.8 310.9 265.9
LSD (p=0.05) 3.0 15.2 14.9 66.8 12.8 56.5

2009 Data

Surface hardness (Gmax), severity index (SI), and head injury criteria (HIC) of six synthetic turf products determined by ASTM standard F355 prior to and after grooming.
Treatment Gmax¹ SI² HIC³
17-31 Aug
2009		 17-24 Sep
2009		 17-31 Aug
2009		 17-24 Sep
2009		 17-31 Aug
2009		 17-24 Sep
2009
¹ Surface hardness was measured according to ASTM standard F355.
² SI = Severity Index
³ HIC = Head Injury Criteria
4 FlexSand 1.25 = FlexSand installed as infill at 3.2 cm
5 FlexSand 1.50 = FlexSand installed as infill at 3.8 cm
6 FlexSand 1.75 = FlexSand installed as infill at 4.4 cm
7 F355 testing performed after wear simulating 96 games. Grooming of plots occurred on 15 September 2009.
No Wear
Astroturf 130.4 133.1 374.1 382.7 313.9 322.1
Fieldturf 105.2 118.3 278.9 330.2 239.3 283.0
Omnigrass 41 99.1 103.0 299.9 311.3 259.4 269.1
Omnigrass 51 89.3 90.6 268.8 275.2 233.2 238.9
Sofsport 98.9 99.9 285.7 290.3 245.3 249.4
Sprintturf 114.5 125.3 308.4 374.2 262.4 320.6
FlexSand 1.254 135.4 135.8 341.3 349.8 293.1 300.3
FlexSand 1.505 111.4 121.8 254.6 288.7 215.3 244.5
FlexSand 1.756 98.4 108.7 218.6 259.2 187.7 233.6
Wear7
Astroturf 134.3 141.9 360.7 397.9 301.2 334.8
Fieldturf 118.2 126.2 325.4 375.5 279.6 314.4
Omnigrass 41 114.2 121.9 364.6 398.4 314.5 343.6
Omnigrass 51 98.3 103.1 312.1 337.6 271.1 293.3
Sofsport 100.8 106.3 298.7 316.8 257.0 272.5
Sprintturf 126.7 132.2 357.2 408.6 303.9 350.5
FlexSand 1.25 127.1
 141.7
 319.1
 376.4
 272.5
 321.1
FlexSand 1.50 125.3
 132.8
 303.7
 329.8
 258.2
 279.4
FlexSand 1.75 109.6
 122.3
 255.2
 300.8
 218.5
 257.1
LSD (p=0.05) 13.3 12.7 59.9 61.5 53.4 53.7