- Analysis of multiple groups of images shows these thresholds to be quite robust for our system. They may not hold for all crop image analysis problems.
Typical Threshold Values
Class | Color Threshold | Bright |
---|---|---|
Green plants | Low red:green ratio (<~1.0) |
Intermediate-High (~ 200 - ~ 600) |
Purple Leaves and Flowers | Low green:blue ratio (< ~ 1.0) |
Intermediate-High (~ 200 - ~ 600) |
Plant Residue | Intermediate-High red (> ~ 180) |
Higher (> ~ 430) |
Bare Soil | Lower red (< ~ 160) | Lower (< ~ 400) |
- We can use these typical threshold values to develop a classification scheme to classify all pixels in an image (Figure 3).
Figure 3. Pixel Classification Scheme
- We wrote a program using CIMG (a free C++ library) that opens an image as a matrix of red, green, and blue color values, and classifies pixels based on threshold values provided. The program returns pixel counts for the leaves (green and purple), residue, and soil as well as ambiguous (unclassified) pixels and pixels within 2% of a threshold (borderline). The program also generates a false-color image to allow evaluation of accuracy of classification (Figure 2F, 3B).
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Spotlight
Study shows ‘steep, cheap and deep’ roots help corn plants deal with drought
Jagdeep Sidhu and Sam Walker win awards at 2022 CSA (Crop Science, Soil Science, Agronomy Societies) meetings
Jonathan Lynch recognized as highly cited researcher in 2022 by Clarivate
Jonathan Lynch recognized as highly cited researcher in 2021 by Clarivate
Publication receives award from Crop Science Society of America
Tools for breeding cowpea with better roots highlighted in CSA news article
Breeding Beans for Better Roots
Professor Kathleen Brown retires after 41 years
Amelia Henry receives humanitarian award
Jagdeep Sidhu receives research award
Roots lab research focus of podcast from West German Public Radio
Newly discovered trait helps plants grow deeper roots in dry, compacted soils | Penn State University
CSA news article on Roots Lab work with bean breeding
Jagdeep Sidhu Receives College Research Funding
Jonathan Lynch recognized as Highly Cited Researcher by Clarivate
Graduate student receives special award for early career contributions to ASPB
LAT root image wins photo competition of Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research
Graduate student awarded Outstanding Agricultural Graduate Student Award from AASIO
News story on bean root architecture reaches 6 million people, worth $240,000
Bean root architecture results highlighted in CSSA News
Field work proceeds with physical distancing, safety precautions